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Dark Spot Formation and Treatment

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Hyperpigmentation is a common challenge in the treatment room, but how exactly does a spot or demarcation form?

There are a variety of factors that contribute such as: overall health, stress levels, sun exposure, medications, etc. A breakdown of the process may help shed some light on the issue.

Melanin at Work

Approximately one out of every eight cells is a melanocyte. The cells produce melanin – an action that occurs in the granular layer. This is a natural and necessary process, as pigments provide skin color and a unique defense system against UV radiation.

The epidermis is primarily made up of skin cells, which create a protective layer.

The pigmentation process resembles that of an assembly line. Issues occur when this assembly line overproduces or slows. When there is the potential for damage, the pigmentation process goes through the following:

  1. A trigger (such as UV exposure) sends a signal to melanocyte-stimulating hormones that the skin is in need of protection. This activates the enzyme tyrosinase.
  2. After tyrosine is signaled, the melanocyte cell receives a message to produce pigmentation (melanin). The melanocytes make melanin, bundling them into melanosomes.
  3. These melanosomes are then dispersed upward through the granular layer via dendrites to keratinocytes, where they form melanin caps, which reduce DNA damage caused by UV exposure.

Common triggers may include: the sun, inflammation, injury, hormonal changes, friction, medications, aggressive skin care products, an even acne (in the form of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation).

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In healthy conditions, the pigmentation produced in response to potential damage will eventually diffuse or fade on its own, but in some cases, a permanent discoloration may occur.

As the skin ages the pigmentation cycle is less controlled. DNA damage to the skin cells may result in the steady distribution of melanin. As excess melanin is produced, and disbursement is interrupted, hyperpigmentation forms. This creates deposits of color that stay indefinitely unless treated.

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Skin Care to the Rescue

Fortunately, there are a number of ingredients that help support the skin and control hyperpigmentation. These include:

In addition to corrective and skin-building ingredients, supporting the skin’s overall health will also be essential in properly controlling pigmentation. It’s when DNA damage occurs, that pigmentation becomes an issue. Regular exfoliation, nourishment and protection with a good mineral- based sun protection will help keep pigmentation issues at bay.

 Some products to turn to include:

Disclaimer:

The above paid-for content was produced by and posted on behalf of the Sponsor. Content provided is generated solely by the Sponsor or its affiliates, and it is the Sponsor’s responsi­bility for the accuracy, completeness and validity of all information included. Skin Inc. takes steps to ensure that you will not confuse sponsored content with content produced by Skin Inc. and governed by its editorial policy.

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